Select Questions

Chapter 8

1. In an experimental design, subjects receive all treatments, according to a predetermined order. The design is a __________ design.

Latin square

between-subjects

completely randomized

randomized blocks

2. An experiment with two independent variables, each of which has two levels, in which all combinations of treatments are included, is called a(n) ________ design.

2x2 factorial

multiple factor

interaction

two-way factorial

3. The degrees of freedom associated with the main effects and interaction in an analysis of variance depend on:

the power of the statistical test.

the size of the study.

the degree of experimental control that is achieved.

the context of the experiment.

4. In the two-factor design shown in the summary table below, there was/were __________ level(s) of Factor A, Drug.
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05

5. In the analysis of the two-factor design shown in the summary table below, which F test(s) was/were statistically significant?
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05

the F test showing the interaction effect, A x B

the F test showing the main effect of B (Cognitive Behavior Therapy)

none of the F tests were statistically significant.

the F test showing the main effect of A (Drug Treatment)

6. A __________ design is a design with two or more independent variables, in which the complete set of treatments is defined by the product of the levels of the independent variables.

completely randomized

factorial

randomized blocks

Latin square

7. When factors such as age and sex, which are based upon characteristics of subjects, are used as a factor in a factorial design, __________.

study results are easy to interpret

results will probably not generalize

subjects may be assigned in a completely random fashion

it may be because it is not feasible or ethical to manipulate that factor (e.g., stress).

8. In a within-subjects design, the most likely threat to internal validity is __________.

history

statistical regression

testing

instrumentation

9. When comparing line and bar charts, __________.

tables are better than either the line or bar chart at showing interactions

the line chart is superior to the bar chart at showing interactions

both are equally good at displaying study results

neither is as good as a table

10. In a between-subjects design, a possible threat to internal validity is _________.

selection

history

testing

maturation

11. In a within-subjects design ___________.

there are at least two factors and at least one dependent variable

each subject receives only one treatment

there are two factors and at least one dependent variable

each subject receives all treatments

12. See the summary table below. In the analysis of this two-factor design, __________ F test(s) was/were computed.
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05