Select Questions

Chapter 8

1. The statistical test used to analyze the factorial design is called the __________.

F test

t test

randomization test

chi-square

2. In a factorial design, subjects are assigned completely at random to one of the treatments; the design is a __________.

completely randomized design

randomized blocks design

Latin square design

within-subjects design

3. A(n) ______ occurs when the effect of one variable, A, on another variable, X, depends on a third variable, B.

anomaly

interaction

regression

main effect

4. Most people thrive on a diet containing phenylalanine; only the rare people with phenylketonuria suffer brain damage because of it. This is an example of a(n):

interaction.

regression.

confounded effect.

main effect.

5. In an experimental design, subjects receive all treatments, according to a predetermined order. The design is a __________ design.

Latin square

randomized blocks

between-subjects

completely randomized

6. In the analysis of the two-factor design shown in the summary table below, which F test(s) was/were statistically significant?
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05

none of the F tests were statistically significant.

the F test showing the main effect of B (Cognitive Behavior Therapy)

the F test showing the interaction effect, A x B

the F test showing the main effect of A (Drug Treatment)

7. To evaluate the possibility of an interaction between Factors A and B:

none of the alternatives are correct

comparisons must be made of the effects of A at different levels of B.

the effects of A at each level of B are subtracted.

the values for the effect of B at each level of A are multiplied.

8. Counterbalancing is a technique that can be used for:

converting a between-subjects design to a within-subjects design.

testing interactions.

dealing with subject factors.

balancing order effects.

9. In a between-subjects design, each subject receives __________.

only one treatment

only one treatment order

only one treatment at one time and other treatments at later times to prevent carryover effects

all treatments

10. In Hall and Kataria's study evaluating different treatments for attention deficit hyperactive disorder, the children were tested on a delayed response task both when they were taking Ritalin and when they were not. A variable such as this involving repeated testing of the same subjects is called:

an interaction.

a subject factor.

a within-subjects factor.

a between-subjects factor.

11. Researchers have investigated the effect of exercise on depression. They have found that exercise decreases "feeling blue" in unipolar depressives but has no effect upon those suffering from seasonal affective disorder. The finding, that the effects of exercise depends upon diagnostic category, is an example of _________.

an interaction between treatment (exercise) and diagnostic category

a limited main effect of exercise

an interaction between diagnostic category and "feeling blue"

a main effect of diagnostic category

12. In a two-factor design, the number of F tests performed is: