Select Questions

Chapter 8

1. A(n) __________ occurs when the effect of one variable, X, on another variable, Y, depends upon a third variable, Z.

main effect of Z

interaction

main effect of X and an interaction between X and Y

main effect of X

2. The design that allows the researcher to test for interactions between variables is the __________.

Latin square design

between-subjects design

within-subjects design

factorial design

3. To evaluate the possibility of an interaction between Factors A and B:

none of the alternatives are correct

comparisons must be made of the effects of A at different levels of B.

the values for the effect of B at each level of A are multiplied.

the effects of A at each level of B are subtracted.

4. In the analysis of the two-factor design shown in the summary table below, which F test(s) was/were statistically significant?
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05

the F test showing the interaction effect, A x B

the F test showing the main effect of A (Drug Treatment)

none of the F tests were statistically significant.

the F test showing the main effect of B (Cognitive Behavior Therapy)

5. In a between-subjects design, a possible threat to internal validity is _________.

history

selection

maturation

testing

6. In a within-subjects design ___________.

there are at least two factors and at least one dependent variable

each subject receives all treatments

each subject receives only one treatment

there are two factors and at least one dependent variable

7. The evidence for interactions can be seen most clearly in which of the following?

a table of group means

a line chart

a bar chart

a scatterplot

8. In a factorial design, the total number of treatments __________.

equals the sum of the number of independent variables and the number of dependent variables

equals the number of independent variables

equals the number of levels of the first independent variable plus the number of dependent variables

equals the product of the number of levels of each of the independent variables

9. A(n) ______ occurs when the effect of one variable, A, on another variable, X, depends on a third variable, B.

main effect

interaction

anomaly

regression

10. A researcher investigates the influence of illumination levels (high, moderate, low) on reading speed, for texts varying in difficulty (complex, simple). In this factorial design, there are a total of __________ treatments.

11. A __________ design is a design with two or more independent variables, in which the complete set of treatments is defined by the product of the levels of the independent variables.

factorial

randomized blocks

Latin square

completely randomized

12. When comparing line and bar charts, __________.

tables are better than either the line or bar chart at showing interactions

neither is as good as a table

both are equally good at displaying study results

the line chart is superior to the bar chart at showing interactions