Select Questions

Chapter 8

1. A(n) ______ occurs when the effect of one variable, A, on another variable, X, depends on a third variable, B.
        
2. A study contains two factors, X and Y, each with two levels (present, absent). The possible treatments are __________.
        
3. The degrees of freedom associated with the main effects and interaction in an analysis of variance depend on:
        
4. In a within-subjects design, the most likely threat to internal validity is __________.
        
5. In a __________ design, each subject receives all the treatments; in a _________ design, each subject receives only one treatment.
        
6. In a between-subjects design, each subject receives __________.
        
7. Most people thrive on a diet containing phenylalanine; only the rare people with phenylketonuria suffer brain damage because of it. This is an example of a(n):
        
8. The design that best controls for individual differences between subjects, using the fewest number of subjects, is the __________.
        
9. See the summary table below. In the analysis of this two-factor design, __________ F test(s) was/were computed.
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05
        
10. When comparing line and bar charts, __________.
        
11. Researchers have investigated the effect of exercise on depression. They have found that exercise decreases "feeling blue" in unipolar depressives but has no effect upon those suffering from seasonal affective disorder. The finding, that the effects of exercise depends upon diagnostic category, is an example of _________.
        
12. A __________ design is a design with two or more independent variables, in which the complete set of treatments is defined by the product of the levels of the independent variables.