Select Questions

Chapter 8

1. A study contains two factors, X and Y, each with two levels (present, absent). The possible treatments are __________.

X and Y

X1Y1, + X1Y2, + X2Y1

X1Y1, + X1Y2, + X2Y1, + X2Y2

X1Y1, + X2Y2

2. A(n) __________ occurs when the effect of one variable, X, on another variable, Y, depends upon a third variable, Z.

interaction

main effect of Z

main effect of X

main effect of X and an interaction between X and Y

3. In the two-factor design shown in the summary table below, there was/were __________ level(s) of Factor A, Drug.
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05

4. A researcher investigates the influence of illumination levels (high, moderate, low) on reading speed, for texts varying in difficulty (complex, simple). In this factorial design, there are a total of __________ treatments.

5. Factorial designs are used when the researcher wishes to measure the effect of an independent variable __________.

as a function of the effect of at least one other dependent variable

on a dependent variable

on several dependent variables

on a dependent variable as a function of the effect of at least one other independent variable

6. In the analysis of the two-factor design shown in the summary table below, which F test(s) was/were statistically significant?
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05

the F test showing the main effect of B (Cognitive Behavior Therapy)

the F test showing the main effect of A (Drug Treatment)

none of the F tests were statistically significant.

the F test showing the interaction effect, A x B

7. In an experimental design, subjects receive all treatments, according to a predetermined order. The design is a __________ design.

between-subjects

completely randomized

randomized blocks

Latin square

8. Most people thrive on a diet containing phenylalanine; only the rare people with phenylketonuria suffer brain damage because of it. This is an example of a(n):

main effect.

confounded effect.

interaction.

regression.

9. A __________ design is a design with two or more independent variables, in which the complete set of treatments is defined by the product of the levels of the independent variables.

completely randomized

Latin square

factorial

randomized blocks

10. See the summary table below. In the analysis of this two-factor design, __________ F test(s) was/were computed.
Table
Analysis of Variance
Summary Table for Depression Scores
Source              df       F
A = Drug Th         1      1.86
B = Cog Beh Th     1     12.23*
A x B                  1       2.03
Error                30
* p < .05

11. To evaluate the possibility of an interaction between Factors A and B:

the effects of A at each level of B are subtracted.

the values for the effect of B at each level of A are multiplied.

comparisons must be made of the effects of A at different levels of B.

none of the alternatives are correct

12. When comparing line and bar charts, __________.

tables are better than either the line or bar chart at showing interactions

both are equally good at displaying study results

neither is as good as a table

the line chart is superior to the bar chart at showing interactions