Select Questions

Chapter 12

1. The question "What products do you think the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) should regulate?" with response alternatives: prescription drugs, herbal medicine, cigarettes, vitamins,toothpaste, other (please specify), is an example of a(n):

combination open-ended and closed question.

closed question.

open-ended question.

2. Two students were observing the out-of-seat behavior of a hyperactive first-grader together. After their observation, they calculated Cohen's kappa. They were determining __________.

alpha reliability

intra-observer reliability

construct validity

inter-observer reliability

3. A personality inventory asks respondents to rate the extent to which they see themselves as good listeners, from "never or almost never true" to "always or almost always true." This type of item is an example of:

magnitude estimation.

a rank order question.

a randomized response item.

a Likert-type rating scale.

4. When reliability is determined by dividing the items on a test into two halves and correlating participants' scores on these parts, the result is known as the test's reliability.

test-retest

split-half

content

parallel-forms

5. Your application to the IRE should describe your plan for preserving the confidentiality of participants' data and records to avoid risks to them. Such a plan is necessary to uphold the Belmont Report's principle of:

respect.

beneficence.

justice.

complete disclosure.

6. As compared to closed questions, open-ended questions are useful for all the following reasons EXCEPT:

in the early stages of research when the range of possible answers to questions is unknown.

when researchers hope to learn new things from respondents.

when questions are scored by computer.

when the response alternatives are too numerous to list.

7. Studies on __________ validity investigate whether tests are good measures of the psychological concepts the author claims they measure.

criterion

content

construct

alpha

8. The GRE is used as a predictor of performance in graduate schools and so is frequently a requirement for admission to graduate programs. This use of the GRE is based on its __________.

content validity

criterion validity

split-half reliability

test-retest validity

9. Split-half is to __________ as parallel-forms and test-retest are to __________.

validity, reliability

one administration, two administrations

correlation, t test

reliability, validity

10. The following closed question uses what format?
I have many friends to help me when I am in need. ______ Yes ______ No

magnitude estimation

rank order

Likert-type rating scale

agree-disagree

11. The general education committee at a regional university is concerned about scientific literacy in its students. They have developed a multi-disciplinary course which they hope will enhance students' knowledge about science. As part of the course, they have developed a new test of scientific literacy. They want to know whether their test is a good measure of scientific knowledge and so will measure __________.

parallel-forms reliability

content validity

alpha reliability

criterion validity

12. Martin Orne's term for cues that suggest hypotheses to participants in research is:

experimenter expectancy effects.

reactance cues.

demand characteristics.

construct invalidity.