Select Questions

Chapter 10

1. The Notel researchers evaluated the rival hypothesis that observed increases in children's aggression after the introduction of television were due to maturation by:

comparing first graders before television with first graders after television.

comparing first and second graders.

giving a test of psychological maturity to the children.

comparing fourth and fifth graders.

2. True experiments differ from quasi-experiments in having:

all of the alternatives are correct.

observations done only in the lab.

no major threats to internal validity.

less valid conclusions.

3. A school psychologist records the out-of-seat behavior of a group of hyperactive children for one week. The following week she administers verbal praise. She continues to alternate tokens and verbal praise for 3 additional weeks while continuously recording their out-of-seat behavior. This is a(n) __________.

randomized control groups design

nonequivalent control group design

interrupted time-series with multiple replications design

interrupted time-series with switching replications design

4. A school psychologist compared the achievement scores of children who either had or had not been socially promoted. This study is using __________ data.

observational

archival

survey

experimental

5. Footprints, fingerprints, patterns of blood spatter, DNA from blood samples, and fiber traces used by forensic experts to reconstruct a crime are:

selective deposit.

behavioral reconstruction.

unobtrusive measures.

archival data.

6. Probability sampling and methods of survey administration contribute __________ error compared to question wording.

less

equivalent

greater

7. Samuel Stouffer discovered that the greatest source of error or bias in the scientific use of surveys is:1 Based on his study of how Watson and Crick discovered the structure of DNA and how Darwin developed the theory of evolution, Robert Weisberg concluded that:

methods of questionnaire administration.

variation due to question wording.

inadequacies of sampling.

interviewer bias.

8. The pretreatment observations in the interrupted time-series design are like the in a single-case experiment.

reintroduction of the treatment

second baseline

treatment phase

baseline phase

9. Which of the following is an example of probability sampling?

convenience samples

snowball samples

critical cases

simple random samples

10. Comparisons of quasi-experiments to true experiments reveal that __________.

true experiments have more threats to validity than quasi-experiments.

true experiments have random assignment of subjects to conditions.

most quasi-experiments have no threats to internal validity.

most quasi-experiments have random assignment of subjects to conditions.

11. __________ data are data collected previously by people not directly associated with the current research.

Survey

Archival

Observational

Unbiased

12. Withholding potentially biasing information from an observer is called _________the observer.

blinding

acclimating

selective deposit

controlling