1. Rosemary Wood, the secretary for President Nixon, erased portions of the tapes where the President and his staff discussed the Watergate break-in. Later scholars have examined these tapes to assess the degree of integrity of the Nixon Presidency. This example represents the problem of __________ in archival data.
2. The problem with telephone interviews is that __________.
3. In _____________, a sample is selected from the list of population members by randomly selecting the first subject and then selecting the other members of the sample according to a prearranged scheme—by taking, say, every 5th, 1Oth, or 20th person on the list, until the sample is complete.
4. People who commit suicide sometimes leave notes. A researcher analyzed the contents of suicide notes in order to explain why people commit suicide. This study has the flaw of __________.
5. A social worker wished to evaluate the benefits of letting nursing home residents care for a plant. On one floor, the residents were given a plant to care for in their room. On another floor, residents were not given a plant. The social worker measured their activity levels before and after. This is an example of a(n) __________.
6. Samuel Stouffer discovered that the greatest source of error or bias in the scientific use of surveys is:1 Based on his study of how Watson and Crick discovered the structure of DNA and how Darwin developed the theory of evolution, Robert Weisberg concluded that:
7. Comparisons of quasi-experiments to true experiments reveal that __________.
8. A coding scheme classifies an animal's behavior into categories such as grooming, looking for food, and sexual display. This scheme is using a(n) __________ description.
9. Withholding potentially biasing information from an observer is called _________the observer.
10. Which of the following is NOT a serious threat to validity of the pretest-posttest one-group design, O X O, is ___________.
11. A strategy for establishing is to have an observer rate the same behavior sequence at different times throughout the study.
12. Which of the following is NOT a factor that is known to influence error?
