1. The threat to internal validity resulting from normal fluctuations in measures is called:
2. A school psychologist compared the achievement scores of children who either had or had not been socially promoted. This study is using __________ data.
3. Withholding potentially biasing information from an observer is called _________the observer.
4. __________ measures have zero reactivity.
5. The OXO design applied to group data is called the:
6. As the best approximation to the randomized control group design, field researchers often use:
7. Mail surveys are associated with __________ while face-to-face surveys are associated with __________.
8. The __________ design is to quasi-experimental designs as the AB design is to single-case designs.
9. Flint, one of Goodall's chimpanzee subjects, was observed throwing a rock at one of his human observers. Flint's behavior is an example of:
10. Which of the following is NOT a serious threat to validity of the pretest-posttest one-group design, O X O, is ___________.
11. __________ data are data collected previously by people not directly associated with the current research.
12. A researcher is interested in studying drug use in adolescence. He gathers a list of all high schools in the nation. He randomly selects 500 schools. From these schools, he randomly selects 3000 homerooms. From each homeroom, he selects 20 students using simple random sampling. His sampling process is an example of __________.
