Select Questions

Chapter 10

1. In the interrupted time-series design __________.

the posttest observations fail to control statistical regression

comparisons of no treatment and treatment phases can be made

the order of treatments can be alternated or randomized

the addition of several pretreatment and posttreatment observations allows the researcher to assess trends before and after treatment

2. A school psychologist compared the achievement scores of children who either had or had not been socially promoted. This study is using __________ data.

observational

experimental

survey

archival

3. In __________ sampling, the population is classified into subgroups and simple random samples are taken from each subgroup.

cluster

stratified

snowball

simple random

4. The problem with telephone interviews is that __________.

they place restrictions on the length and complexity of the interview

they are more expensive than other methods

they cannot be conducted with simple random sampling

they are inconvenient

5. As the best approximation to the randomized control group design, field researchers often use:

the interrupted time series with a nonequivalent no-treatment control group time series.

the alternating treatment design.

the nonequivalent control group design.

6. A coding scheme classifies an animal's behavior into categories such as grooming, looking for food, and sexual display. This scheme is using a(n) __________ description.

empirical

molar

functional

molecular

7. An elaborate, sometimes pictorial, system for classifying the behavior of a species is called:

an empirical description.

an ethogram.

event analysis.

a functional description.

8. The __________ design is to quasi-experimental designs as the ABAB design is to single-case designs.

interrupted time-series with multiple replications

interrupted time-series with switching replications

interrupted time-series

pretest-posttest one-group design

9. A strategy for establishing is to have an observer rate the same behavior sequence at different times throughout the study.

intraobserver reliability

interobserver reliability

unobtrusive measures

interrater reliability

10. Samuel Stouffer discovered that the greatest source of error or bias in the scientific use of surveys is:1 Based on his study of how Watson and Crick discovered the structure of DNA and how Darwin developed the theory of evolution, Robert Weisberg concluded that:

inadequacies of sampling.

interviewer bias.

variation due to question wording.

methods of questionnaire administration.

11. Withholding potentially biasing information from an observer is called _________the observer.

blinding

acclimating

selective deposit

controlling

12. The comparison group in a nonequivalent control group design is called nonequivalent because __________.

subjects are randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups.

there are more subjects in this group compared to the treatment group.

subjects are not randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups.

there are fewer subjects in this group compared to the treatment group.